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Author(s): A. N. Hadadin
Abstract:
With the rapid advancement in computer and information technologies,
computer modeling has become a vital tool in watershed research and
management practices.
This paper presents a brief review of the development
and application of watershed hydrologic models through the past five decades.
The purpose of this study is to apply the Stanford Watershed Model (SWM) to
estimate the rainfall-runoff relationship for the Wala valley (catchment area
1800km2).
The SWM has been widely accepted as a tool to synthesis a
continuous hydrograph of hourly or daily streamflow.
Many meteorological and
hydrological data and several hydrologic parameters are required as input data.
Sensitivity analysis and a trail and error adjustment technique are used for
optimization of the number of parameters of the model.
Comparison between
estimated and measured surface runoff for the Wala valley indicates that the
model is considerably efficient in predicting the total annual surface runoff from
rainfall.
Keywords:
watershed modeling, watershed hydrology, rainfall-runoff
relationship, continuous hydrograph, streamflow, Stanford Watershed Model,
surface runoff.
1 Introduction:
Watershed models range widely in complexity.
Some are nothing more than
simple empirical equations, others perform a complex accounting of soil
moisture and water in various stages of runoff.
Hydrological models are divided
broadly into two groups; the deterministic models seek to simulate the physical
processes in the catchment involved in the transformation of rainfall to
streamflow, whereas stochastic models describe the hydrological time series of
...
Pages: 10
Size: 362 kb
Paper DOI: 10.2495/AFM060201
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